The Supervolcano Monitoring System is a real-time platform designed to monitor seismic activities near major caldera systems worldwide. It tracks earthquakes occurring within a 50 km radius of known supervolcanoes and highlights potential patterns or anomalies that could signal geological unrest.
| # | Volcano name | SM number | VEI | Last eruption | Continent | Country | Location | Earthquake within 50 km | Show |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lake Taupo Caldera | 0401-07= | 8 | ~26,500 years ago | Australia - New-Zealand | New Zealand | North Island | ||
| 2 | Lake Toba Caldera | 0601-09= | 8 | ~74,000 years ago | Indonesian Archipelago | Indonesia | Northern Sumatra | ||
| 3 | Whakamaru Caldera | 0401-061 | 8 | ~254,000 years ago | Australia - New-Zealand | New Zealand | North Island | ||
| 4 | Yellowstone Caldera | 1205-01- | 8 | 640,000 years ago | North-America | USA | State of Wyoming | ||
| 5 | Island Park Caldera | 1205-01- | 8 | 2.1 million years ago | North-America | USA | State of Idaho | ||
| 6 | La Garita Caldera | N/A | 8 | ~27.8 million years ago | North-America | USA | State of Colorado | ||
| 17 | Wah Wah Springs Caldera | N/A | 8 | 30.06 million years ago | North-America | USA | State of Utah | ||
| 18 | Mangakino Caldera | 241818 | 8 | Pleistocene | Australia - New-Zealand | New Zealand | North Island | ||
| 19 | Cerro Guacha Caldera | N/A | 8 | 75,000±900 years ago | South-America | Bolivia | Sur LĂpez Province | ||
| 21 | La Pacana Caldera | 355101 | 8 | 3.8 ± 0.1 and 4.2 ± 0.1 million years ago | South-America | Chile | Antofagasta Region | ||
| 8 | Baekdu (Paektu) Mountain | N/A | 7 | ~969 CE | Asia | China | The border North Korea and China | ||
| 9 | Kikai Caldera | 0802-06= | 7 | ~6,300 years ago | Asia | Japan | Osumi Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture | ||
| 10 | Laacher See Caldera | 000 | 7 | ~12,900 years ago | Europe | Germany | Rhineland-Palatinate | ||
| 11 | Aira Caldera | 0802-08= | 7 | ~22,000 years ago | Asia | Japan | Island of Kyushu | ||
| 12 | Campi Flegrei Caldera | 0101-01= | 7 | ~39,280 years ago | Europe | Italy | Naples | ||
| 15 | Long Valley Caldera | 120314-A | 7 | ~760,000 years ago | North-America | USA | State of California | ||
| 16 | Valles Caldera | 121002-D | 7 | ~1.12 million years ago | North-America | USA | Jemez Mountains, State of New Mexico | ||
| 22 | Aira Caldera | 282080 | 7 | 22 000 years ago | Asia | Japan | Kagoshima | ||
| 23 | Kikai Caldera | 282060 | 7 | 2024 CE | Asia | Japan | Ryukyu Islands | ||
| 24 | Ioto (Iwo Jima) | 284120 | 7 | 2024 CE | Asia | Japan | Volcano Islands |
The Volcanic Explosivity Index [VEI] runs from zero to eight, from non-explosive to colossal explosive eruptions. Where a volcano appears on the scale is linked to the amount of material an eruption emits and how frequently eruptions occur.
| VEI Number | VEI Type | Classification | Ejection material | Plume high | Periodicity | History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | Ultra-Plinian | Mega-colossal | > 1000 km3 | > 20 km | > 50000 years | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician) Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya) La Garita (26.3 Mya) Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr) Toba (74 kyr) TaupĹŤ (26.5 kyr) |
| 7 | Ultra-Plinian | Super-colossal | > 100 km3 | > 20 km | 500–1000 years | Long Valley (760 kyr) Campi Flegrei (37 kyr) Aira (22 kyr) Mazama (5700 BC) Kikai (4300 BC) Santorini (1620 BC) Samalas (1257) Tambora (1815) |
| 6 | Plinian / Ultra-Plinian | Colossal | > 10 km3 | > 20 km | 50–100 years | Lake Ilopango (450) Quilotoa (1280) Huaynaputina (1600) Krakatoa (1883) Santa Maria (1902) Novarupta (1912) Mount Pinatubo (1991) |
| 5 | Peléan / Plinian | Cataclysmic | > 1 km3 | > 10 km | 12 years | Vesuvius (79) Mount Fuji (1707) Mount Tarawera (1886) Mount Agung (1963) Mount St. Helens (1980) El Chichón (1982) Puyehue (2011) Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) |
| 4 | Peléan / Plinian / Sub-Plinian | Catastrophic | > 0.1 km3 | > 10 km | 18 months | Laki (1783) Mount Bandai (1888) Mount Pelée (1902) Mount Lamington (1951) Eyjafjallajökull (2010) Mount Merapi (2010) Taal (2020) Semeru (2021) |
| 3 | Strombolian / Vulcanian / Peléan / Sub-Plinian | Severe | > 107 m3 | 3–15 km | 3 months | Surtsey (1963-1967) Nevado del Ruiz (1985) Mount Redoubt (1989-1990) Soufrière Hills (1997) Ontake (2014) Fuego (2018) Cumbre Vieja (2021) |
| 2 | Strombolian / Vulcanian | Explosive | > 106 m3 | 1–5 km | 2 weeks | Stromboli (since 1934) Etna (current) Unzen (1792) Ruang (1871) Ritter Island (1888) Galeras (1993) El Hierro (2011-2012) Whakaari / White Island (2019) |
| 1 | Hawaiian / Strombolian | Gentle | > 104 m3 | 100 m – 1 km | daily | Yakedake (1995) Raoul Island (2006) Havre Seamount (2012) Dieng Volcanic Complex (1964, 1979, 2017) Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) |
| 0 | Hawaiian | Effusive | < 104 m3 | < 100 m | constant | KÄ«lauea (current), Mawson Peak (current), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) |